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2014 June 28



David Swears Saul that he will Spare Saul's Family (c. 1420-1430)
Master of Otto van Moerdrecht (fl., c. 1420-1430)
International Gothic Style; Early Netherlandish or Flemish Primitives Artists
Museum Meermanno, The Hague, South Holland, Netherlands
Image Source: Medieval Illuminated Manuscripts


     Explanation: In 1 Samuel 24 David makes a covenant with Saul, as depicted in the illumination above. After Saul returned from fighting the Philistines (as mentioned in the previous chapter), Saul learned that David was in Engedi and went there to seek him. While Saul was in a cave relieving himself, David slipped in, and secretly cut off a part of Saul's robe, but spared Saul. But David regretted doing even this; and he restrained his men from doing anything further to Saul (1-7). Afterward, when Saul left the cave, David called out to him and showed him the piece of Saul's robe which he had cut off. He told Saul not to believe that he was out to harm him, because he could have killed him in the cave if he had been an enemy to Saul. And he called on the LORD to judge between them (8-15). Saul lifted up his voice and wept and admitted that David was more righteous than he was. He acknowledged that David was not his enemy. And he acknowledged that David would be king. And he asked David to swear that he would not cut off his seed and destroy his name. David swore that he would do as Saul asked. And Saul went home; and David and his men went to a place of safety (16-22).


1 Samuel 24

     1 And it came to pass, when Saul was returned from following the Philistines, that it was told him, saying, Behold, David is in the wilderness of Engedi. 2 Then Saul took three thousand chosen men out of all Israel, and went to seek David and his men upon the rocks of the wild goats. 3 And he came to the sheepcotes by the way, where was a cave; and Saul went in to cover his feet: and David and his men remained in the sides of the cave. 4 And the men of David said unto him, Behold the day of which the LORD said unto thee, Behold, I will deliver thine enemy into thine hand, that thou mayest do to him as it shall seem good unto thee. Then David arose, and cut off the skirt of Saul's robe privily. 5 And it came to pass afterward, that David's heart smote him, because he had cut off Saul's skirt. 6 And he said unto his men, The LORD forbid that I should do this thing unto my master, the LORD'S anointed, to stretch forth mine hand against him, seeing he is the anointed of the LORD. 7 So David stayed his servants with these words, and suffered them not to rise against Saul. But Saul rose up out of the cave, and went on his way.
     8 David also arose afterward, and went out of the cave, and cried after Saul, saying, My lord the king. And when Saul looked behind him, David stooped with his face to the earth, and bowed himself. 9 And David said to Saul, Wherefore hearest thou men's words, saying, Behold, David seeketh thy hurt? 10 Behold, this day thine eyes have seen how that the LORD had delivered thee to day into mine hand in the cave: and some bade me kill thee: but mine eye spared thee; and I said, I will not put forth mine hand against my lord; for he is the LORD'S anointed. 11 Moreover, my father, see, yea, see the skirt of thy robe in my hand: for in that I cut off the skirt of thy robe, and killed thee not, know thou and see that there is neither evil nor transgression in mine hand, and I have not sinned against thee; yet thou huntest my soul to take it. 12 The LORD judge between me and thee, and the LORD avenge me of thee: but mine hand shall not be upon thee. 13 As saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked: but mine hand shall not be upon thee. 14 After whom is the king of Israel come out? after whom dost thou pursue? after a dead dog, after a flea. 15 The LORD therefore be judge, and judge between me and thee, and see, and plead my cause, and deliver me out of thine hand.
     16 And it came to pass, when David had made an end of speaking these words unto Saul, that Saul said, Is this thy voice, my son David? And Saul lifted up his voice, and wept. 17 And he said to David, Thou art more righteous than I: for thou hast rewarded me good, whereas I have rewarded thee evil. 18 And thou hast shewed this day how that thou hast dealt well with me: forasmuch as when the LORD had delivered me into thine hand, thou killedst me not. 19 For if a man find his enemy, will he let him go well away? wherefore the LORD reward thee good for that thou hast done unto me this day. 20 And now, behold, I know well that thou shalt surely be king, and that the kingdom of Israel shall be established in thine hand. 21 Swear now therefore unto me by the LORD, that thou wilt not cut off my seed after me, and that thou wilt not destroy my name out of my father's house. 22 And David sware unto Saul. And Saul went home; but David and his men gat them up unto the hold.




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