DAWN
Daily Arts Web Nucleus
Discover the Arts! Each day a different image from the Literary, Performing, or Visual Arts representing a portion of Scripture plus an explanation with links and a discussion forum 2014 April 6
The Moneylender (1664)
Gerrit Dou (1613-1675)
Dutch Golden Age Baroque Style
Musee du Louvre, Paris, France
Image Source: Web Gallery of Art
Explanation: Deuteronomy 24 contains various rules for community life, including moneylending (pictured above), which shows up in several places in the chapter. A divorced woman may marry another man. And she may marry yet another man if the second husband divorces her or dies. But she may not go back to her former husband. That is considered an abomination before the LORD and a defilement of the land (1-4). A newly married man is exempt from war and other state obligations for one year (5). No one may take a lower or upper millstone for a pledge, because that is equivalent to taking a man's life for a pledge (6). Kidnappers shall be put to death (7). The Israelites are to treat cases of leprosy in accord with the instructions of the priests based on the law given by Moses, remembering how Miriam was excluded from the camp while she was being cleansed from leprosy (8-9). When someone lends anything to a fellow Israelite, he must not go into his house to fetch his pledge. It shall be delivered to the lender outside the house; and it must be returned by sundown if he is poor (10-13). They must not oppressed a hired servant who is poor and needy, whether he is an Israelite or a stranger; and they must pay him his wages daily, before sundown (14-15). Fathers must not be put to death for the sins of their children, nor children for fathers: every man must die for his own sin (16). They must not pervert the judgment of the stranger or of the fatherless. They may not take a widow's garment for a pledge. Rather, they must remember that they were bondmen in Egypt, and the LORD redeemed them (17-18). Any sheaf forgotten in the field must be left for the stranger, the fatherless, and the widow. The same is true for grapes left in the vineyard. And, again, they must do this in remembrance of the time they were bondmen in Egypt (19-22).
Deuteronomy 24
1 When a man hath taken a wife, and married her, and it come to pass that she find no favour in his eyes, because he hath found some uncleanness in her: then let him write her a bill of divorcement, and give it in her hand, and send her out of his house.
2 And when she is departed out of his house, she may go and be another man's wife.
3 And if the latter husband hate her, and write her a bill of divorcement, and giveth it in her hand, and sendeth her out of his house; or if the latter husband die, which took her to be his wife;
4 Her former husband, which sent her away, may not take her again to be his wife, after that she is defiled; for that is abomination before the LORD: and thou shalt not cause the land to sin, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.
5 When a man hath taken a new wife, he shall not go out to war, neither shall he be charged with any business: but he shall be free at home one year, and shall cheer up his wife which he hath taken.
6 No man shall take the nether or the upper millstone to pledge: for he taketh a man's life to pledge.
7 If a man be found stealing any of his brethren of the children of Israel, and maketh merchandise of him, or selleth him; then that thief shall die; and thou shalt put evil away from among you.
8 Take heed in the plague of leprosy, that thou observe diligently, and do according to all that the priests the Levites shall teach you: as I commanded them, so ye shall observe to do.
9 Remember what the LORD thy God did unto Miriam by the way, after that ye were come forth out of Egypt.
10 When thou dost lend thy brother any thing, thou shalt not go into his house to fetch his pledge.
11 Thou shalt stand abroad, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring out the pledge abroad unto thee.
12 And if the man be poor, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge:
13 In any case thou shalt deliver him the pledge again when the sun goeth down, that he may sleep in his own raiment, and bless thee: and it shall be righteousness unto thee before the LORD thy God.
14 Thou shalt not oppress an hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he be of thy brethren, or of thy strangers that are in thy land within thy gates:
15 At his day thou shalt give him his hire, neither shall the sun go down upon it; for he is poor, and setteth his heart upon it: lest he cry against thee unto the LORD, and it be sin unto thee.
16 The fathers shall not be put to death for the children, neither shall the children be put to death for the fathers: every man shall be put to death for his own sin.
17 Thou shalt not pervert the judgment of the stranger, nor of the fatherless; nor take a widow's raiment to pledge:
18 But thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondman in Egypt, and the LORD thy God redeemed thee thence: therefore I command thee to do this thing.
19 When thou cuttest down thine harvest in thy field, and hast forgot a sheaf in the field, thou shalt not go again to fetch it: it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow: that the LORD thy God may bless thee in all the work of thine hands.
20 When thou beatest thine olive tree, thou shalt not go over the boughs again: it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow.
21 When thou gatherest the grapes of thy vineyard, thou shalt not glean it afterward: it shall be for the stranger, for the fatherless, and for the widow.
22 And thou shalt remember that thou wast a bondman in the land of Egypt: therefore I command thee to do this thing.
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copyright 2014, Scott Souza
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