DAWN
Daily Arts Web Nucleus
Discover the Arts! Each day a different image from the Literary, Performing, or Visual Arts representing a portion of Scripture plus an explanation with links and a discussion forum 2014 April 21
Christ in Heaven with Four Saints and a Donor (c 1492)
Domenico Ghirlandaio (1449-1494)
Italian Renaissance Style
Pinacoteca Comunale, Volterra, Italy
Image Source: Web Gallery of Art
Explanation: In Joshua 5 the LORD told Joshua to circumcise all among them who were uncircumcised. Afterward he appeared to Joshua in a theophany as the Captain of the Host of the LORD. Many interpreters take this as a pre-incarnate appearance of Christ -- hence the painting above. When the Amorites on the western side of Jordan and the Canaanites by the Mediterranean heard that the LORD had dried up the Jordan until the Israelites passed over, "their heart melted, neither was there spirit in them any more" (1). While Israel's enemies trembled, Joshua had the uncircumcised among the Israelites circumcised (2-7). After the circumcisions, Israel stayed in Gilgal till those who had been circumcised were healed (8-9). In Gilgal they celebrated the Passover. The day after the Passover the manna ceased, and they ate the produce of the Promised Land (10-12). Then Joshua went to see Jericho; and there he saw a man with a drawn sword. Joshua asked him whose side he was on; and the man replied that he was the Captain of the Host of the LORD. Joshua fell to his face in worship; and the Captain of the LORD's Host told him to remove his shoes because he was standing on holy ground. "And Joshua did so." (13-15).
Joshua 5
1 And it came to pass, when all the kings of the Amorites, which were on the side of Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, which were by the sea, heard that the LORD had dried up the waters of Jordan from before the children of Israel, until we were passed over, that their heart melted, neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel.
2 At that time the LORD said unto Joshua, Make thee sharp knives, and circumcise again the children of Israel the second time.
3 And Joshua made him sharp knives, and circumcised the children of Israel at the hill of the foreskins.
4 And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise: All the people that came out of Egypt, that were males, even all the men of war, died in the wilderness by the way, after they came out of Egypt.
5 Now all the people that came out were circumcised: but all the people that were born in the wilderness by the way as they came forth out of Egypt, them they had not circumcised.
6 For the children of Israel walked forty years in the wilderness, till all the people that were men of war, which came out of Egypt, were consumed, because they obeyed not the voice of the LORD: unto whom the LORD sware that he would not shew them the land, which the LORD sware unto their fathers that he would give us, a land that floweth with milk and honey.
7 And their children, whom he raised up in their stead, them Joshua circumcised: for they were uncircumcised, because they had not circumcised them by the way.
8 And it came to pass, when they had done circumcising all the people, that they abode in their places in the camp, till they were whole.
9 And the LORD said unto Joshua, This day have I rolled away the reproach of Egypt from off you. Wherefore the name of the place is called Gilgal unto this day.
10 And the children of Israel encamped in Gilgal, and kept the passover on the fourteenth day of the month at even in the plains of Jericho.
11 And they did eat of the old corn of the land on the morrow after the passover, unleavened cakes, and parched corn in the selfsame day.
12 And the manna ceased on the morrow after they had eaten of the old corn of the land; neither had the children of Israel manna any more; but they did eat of the fruit of the land of Canaan that year.
13 And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, behold, there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn in his hand: and Joshua went unto him, and said unto him, Art thou for us, or for our adversaries?
14 And he said, Nay; but as captain of the host of the LORD am I now come. And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and did worship, and said unto him, What saith my lord unto his servant?
15 And the captain of the LORD'S host said unto Joshua, Loose thy shoe from off thy foot; for the place whereon thou standest is holy. And Joshua did so.
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copyright 2014, Scott Souza
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