DAWN
Daily Arts Web Nucleus
Discover the Arts! Each day a different image from the Literary, Performing, or Visual Arts representing a portion of Scripture plus an explanation with links 2016 September 7
Aristotle with a Bust of Homer (1653)
Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606-1669)
Dutch Golden Age Baroque Style
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York, USA
Image Source: Web Gallery of Art
Explanation: In Romans 16, as Paul closes out the book of Romans, he commends Phebe to the Romans and asks that they receive her and assist her with her needs because she has been a helper of many (1-2).
Paul then sends greetings to many friends and relatives, making special mention of their labors in the Lord and other personal notes for many of them. He asks all of them to greet one another with a holy kiss, and he sends greetings from the churches which he represents (3-16).
On the other hand, Paul asks them to avoid those who cause divisions and create other obstacles to the gospel. He warns them about the self-centeredness of such people and of their smooth talk, flattery, and deceit. Paul commends his readers for their obedience, but he asks them to be wise concerning good and innocent concerning evil. He assures them that God will shortly crush Satan under their feet, and he wishes that the grace of Christ will be with them (17-20).
He sends them personal greetings from Timothy, Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater (21).
Paul's personal amanuensis pens his greetings to them (22).
Gaius, Erastus, and Quartus send greetings (23).
He asks that the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ would be with them (24).
Paul closes with a blessing, commending them to the keeping power of God, saying, "Now to him that is of power to stablish you according to my gospel, and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery, which was kept secret since the world began, But now is made manifest, and by the scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the everlasting God, made known to all nations for the obedience of faith: To God only wise, be glory through Jesus Christ for ever. Amen " (25-27).
[Sermons: William Still. Mark Dever. Various. ]
[Illustration: Today's painting symbolizes wisdom, which is a key idea found at the end of today's chapter. In the painting Aristotle, a man who sought wisdom through scientific studies, contemplates the bust of Homer, a man who sought to display wisdom through the art of poetry and drama. Aristotle wears a gold chain given him by his student, the conqueror Alexander the Great, who said, "I would rather excel others in the knowledge of what is excellent than in the extent of my powers and dominion" But, in no case did any of these three men attain to the wisdom kept secret by God from the foundation of the earth but revealed by him to his prophets, as noted in Paul's closing thoughts. ]
RESOURCES
[THEMATICALLY AND CHRONOLOGICALLY RELATED SCRIPTURES:
Romans 16:1-2: 1 Corinthians 16:10-12; 1 Corinthians 16:15-18; 2 Corinthians 3:1-3; 2 Corinthians 8:16-24; Ephesians 6:21-22; Philippians 2:19-24; Philippians 2:25 - 3:1; Colossians 4:7-9; Philemon 1:8-20.
Romans 16:3-16: 1 Corinthians 16:19-20; 2 Corinthians 13:11-13; Philippians 4:21-22; Colossians 4:10-15; 1 Thessalonians 5:26; Philemon 1:23-24.
Romans 16:17-20a: 1 Corinthians 5:1-5; 1 Corinthians 5:9-13; 2 Corinthians 6:14 - 7:1; 2 Corinthians 11:12-15; Galatians 1:6-12; Philippians 1:12-18.
Romans 16:20b: 1 Corinthians 16:23-24; 2 Corinthians 13:14; Galatians 6:18; Ephesians 6:23-24; Philippians 4:23; Colossians 4:18b; 1 Thessalonians 5:28; 2 Thessalonians 3:18; Philemon 1:25.
Romans 16:21-23: 1 Corinthians 16:19-20; 2 Corinthians 13:11-13; Philippians 4:21-22; Colossians 4:10-15; 1 Thessalonians 5:26; Philemon 1:23-24.
Romans 16:25-27: Ephesians 3:20-21; Colossians 1:24 - 2:3. ]
NOTE: The parallels above are based in a very small part on my own research but principally on the following sources:
Fred O Francis and J. Paul Sampley, Pauline Parallels, Second Edition. (Minneapolis, Minnesota: Fortress Press, 1984).
Most of the material on Hebrews is from an online article titled Pauline parallels in Hebrews taken from Charles H. Welch and Stuart Allen Welch, Perfection Or Perdition? An Exposition Of The Epistle To The Hebrews, (London: Berean Publishing Trust, 1973). ]
[ CHRONOLOGY: GENERAL. Patriarchs (Traditional). Judges # 1. Judges # 2. Kings # 1. Kings # 2. Prophets # 1. Prophets # 2. NT # 1. NT # 2. NT # 3. ]
[ MAPS: Maps # 1. Maps # 2. Maps # 3. Maps # 4. Maps # 5. ]
[ COMMENTARIES, ETC: GENERAL: Bible Study Tools; Bible Hub: Study Light; Blue Letter Bible // PSALMS: Monergism: Precept Austin: The Treasury of David; John Gill; John Calvin - Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[ MUSIC: GENERAL: The Cyber Hymnal // PSALMS: Genevan Psalter (Instrumental). VARIOUS ARTISTS: Micha'el Ben David. Sons of Korah. Fernando Ortega. Janet Isaac Morrison. Music of the Bible Revealed - Suzanne Haik-Vantoura. Dr. David Erb. Gregorian Chants. ]
*** For Additional word studies use one of the Greek Interlinear Bibles below. ***
Romans 16
4. Redeemed Living (Romans 12:1 - Romans 16:27) - 55 A.D. Corinth
1 I commend unto you Phebe our sister, which is a servant of the church which is at Cenchrea:
2 That ye receive her in the Lord, as becometh saints, and that ye assist her in whatsoever business she hath need of you: for she hath been a succourer of many, and of myself also.
3 Greet Priscilla and Aquila my helpers in Christ Jesus:
4 Who have for my life laid down their own necks: unto whom not only I give thanks, but also all the churches of the Gentiles.
5 Likewise greet the church that is in their house. Salute my wellbeloved Epaenetus, who is the firstfruits of Achaia unto Christ.
6 Greet Mary, who bestowed much labour on us.
7 Salute Andronicus and Junia, my kinsmen, and my fellowprisoners, who are of note among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me.
8 Greet Amplias my beloved in the Lord.
9 Salute Urbane, our helper in Christ, and Stachys my beloved.
10 Salute Apelles approved in Christ. Salute them which are of Aristobulus' household.
11 Salute Herodion my kinsman. Greet them that be of the household of Narcissus, which are in the Lord.
12 Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord. Salute the beloved Persis, which laboured much in the Lord.
13 Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine.
14 Salute Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermas, Patrobas, Hermes, and the brethren which are with them.
15 Salute Philologus, and Julia, Nereus, and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints which are with them.
16 Salute one another with an holy kiss. The churches of Christ salute you.
17 Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine which ye have learned; and avoid them.
18 For they that are such serve not our Lord Jesus Christ, but their own belly; and by good words and fair speeches deceive the hearts of the simple.
19 For your obedience is come abroad unto all men. I am glad therefore on your behalf: but yet I would have you wise unto that which is good, and simple concerning evil.
20 And the God of peace shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. Amen.
21 Timotheus my workfellow, and Lucius, and Jason, and Sosipater, my kinsmen, salute you.
22 I Tertius, who wrote this epistle, salute you in the Lord.
23 Gaius mine host, and of the whole church, saluteth you. Erastus the chamberlain of the city saluteth you, and Quartus a brother.
24 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.
25 Now to him that is of power to stablish you according to my gospel, and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery, which was kept secret since the world began [since the times of the eons],
26 But now is made manifest, and by the scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the everlasting God, made known to all nations for the obedience of faith:
27 To God only wise, be glory through Jesus Christ for ever. Amen. Written to the Romans from Corinthus, and sent by Phebe servant of the church at Cenchrea.
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