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Discover the Arts! Each day a different image from the Literary, Performing, or Visual Arts representing a portion of Scripture
plus an explanation with links

2017 August 12



Interior of the Library (1722)
Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach (1656-1723)
Photo Depicting Baroque Architecture Style
Hofburg Palace Imperial Library, Vienna, Austria
Image Source: Web Gallery of Art


SPECIAL NOTE:

[ I will again be working through the Scriptures from Genesis to Revelation. I will be adding links, resources, images, and the like, upgrading the former work-through which began with the 2013-10-12 posting which can be found, along with the full Genesis to Revelation postings, in the Archive Page. Postings will be at midnight Eastern Time, as I am able. However, no chapters will be skipped, even though a posting may be late. And all postings will be housed in the Archive Page. ]


     Explanation: Judges 1 describes military conquests after the death of Joshua. Sometime after Joshua's death in 1380 B.C. [c. 1380-1377 B.C.] the Israelites, who were now without a chief leader, asked their Heavenly Leader, the LORD, who should go next to war. This inquiry would have been through the High Priest (Exodus 28:30; Numbers 26:55). The LORD sent Judah. Judah invited Simeon to join the fight. They conquered Adonibezek ("Lord of Lightning") in Bezek together with 10,000 of his Canaanite and Perizzite allies. Adonibezek fled, but they captured him and cut off his thumbs and great toes, imitating what he had done to 70 other kings. And they took him to Jerusalem where he died (1-7).
     Judah had previously conquered Jerusalem. They also conquered Hebron, also know as Kirjatharba. There they killed the three sons of Anak (see verse 20 and Numbers 13:22) -- Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai (8-10).
     Judah also campaigned against Debir, also called Kirjathsepher ("city of books" or "city of letters"). Kirjathsepher was defeated by Othniel the younger brother of Caleb (both of whom were members of the tribe of Judah). This account probably happened at an earlier date and is repeated from Joshua 15:16-19. Achsah, Caleb's daughter, married Othniel, and they received a gift of land from Caleb. Afterward Achsah asked for and received land in the south plus upper and lower springs (11-15).
     The Kenites, relatives of Moses (Genesis 15:19; Numbers 10:29-32; Numbers 24:21-22; Judges 4:11, 17; Judges 5:24; 1 Samuel 15:6; 1 Samuel 27:10; 1 Samuel 30:29; 1 Chronicles 2:55), came from Jericho ("the city of Palm Trees") and settled in the territory of Judah. Judah and Simeon continued their campaigns, conquering Zephath, Gaza, Askelon, Ekron, and Hebron. However, they could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley because they had chariots of iron. Likewise, the Benjaminites could not expel the Jebusites from Jerusalem. This comment shows that the conquest of Jerusalem mentioned in verse 8, above, was not complete, although it was substantial, including the burning of the city with fire. Probably the part of the city held by the Jebusites was the strong hold called Mount Zion, which was conquered (2 Samuel 5:6-10) almost four hundred years later [c. 1003] by David (16-21).
     Other campaigns were conducted by some of the other tribes with varying degrees of success. The house of Joseph (i.e., Ephraim and Manasseh acting in concert) went against Bethel (also called Luz). They gathered intelligence from a man who was coming out of the city which proved useful in conquering the city. They let the man and his family live, and he went to the land of the Hittites and founded a city which he called Luz (22-26).
     Manasseh, acting on its own, was not able to drive out the inhabitants of Bethshean, Taanach, Dor, Ibleam, and Megiddo and the cities they controlled. They were able to put them to tribute, however (27-28).
     Ephraim, acting on its own, was not able to drive out the inhabitants of Gezer; no mention is made of tribute. They may simply have had equal power with the Gezerites (29).
     Zebulun could not drive out the inhabitants of Kitron or Nahalol; but they became tributaries (30).
     Asher failed to expel the inhabitants of Accho, Zidon, Ahlab, Achzib, Helbah, Aphik, and Rehob. Nor did they make them tributaries. Asher simply "dwelt among the Canaanites," indicating either that the Canaanites were superior in power, or that they were roughly equal in power (31-32).
     Naphtali could not expel the inhabitants of Bethshemesh or Bethanath; but they became tributaries (33).
     Dan was forced out of their valley into the hills by the Amorites; but the Amorites in Heres, Aijalon, and Shaalbim became tributaries to the house of Joseph (Ephraim and Manasseh). The territory of the Amorites was the land of Idumea, beginning around Petra (34-36).
     [ Sermons: William Still. Stuart Olyott. Various. ]
     [ Illustration: Among the conquests described below was Kirjathsepher ("city of books" or "city of letters"). Since the whole town was named for its library, the collection must have been important, perhaps substantial. It also suggests a literate population. Hence the depiction above of an important and substantial library. ]







RESOURCES

PLEASE NOTE: Use the resources on this and other sites thoughtfully, particularly the commentaries and encyclopedias. I have attempted to list conservative, scholarly resources. However, some providers use liberal or liberal-influenced commentaries such as the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (in Bible Hub). Such commentaries are undoubtedly included by the provider for the wealth of useful information and comments which they provide. By consulting several commentaries, it should be fairly easy to sort out the wheat from the chaff. If, however, you would like personal assistance, write to me at AD LIB ARTS EMAIL.


          [ THEMATICALLY AND CHRONOLOGICALLY RELATED SCRIPTURES: Judges 1:
     [1] Numbers 25:5; Deuteronomy 1:16; Deuteronomy 16:18; Judges 3:15; Judges 4:6; Judges 6:12; Judges 3:9; Judges 18:28; Judges 2:16; Judges 2:8-9; Joshua 18:1-3; Joshua 21:43; Joshua 22:32; Joshua 24:28; Joshua 12:9-24; Joshua 12:14; Joshua 12:19; Judges 2:1-5; Joshua 24:24-33; Judges 15:14-19; Judges 15:16-17; Judges 3:7; Judges 20:18; Judges 18:1-31; Judges 20:26-28; Judges 20:23-27; Judges 18:5; Judges 20:18; Joshua 14:1; Joshua 24:33; Numbers 27:21; Joshua 9:14; Exodus 28:30; Numbers 27:18-21.
     [2] Joshua 6:5; Numbers 1:26; Numbers 26:19-22; Genesis 49:8; Numbers 34:19; Joshua 15:1; Numbers 2:3-9; Genesis 49:9; Revelation 5:5; Judges 20:18.
     [3] Joshua 19:1; 1 Chronicles 4:24-43; Numbers 25:14; Numbers 1:23; Numbers 26:14; 1 Chronicles 4:41; Joshua 15.
     [4] Joshua 14:6; Genesis 13:7; Genesis 34:30; Joshua 11:3; Joshua 17:15-16; Genesis 13:7; Genesis 34:30; 1 Kings 9:20; 1 Samuel 6:18; Deuteronomy 3:5; 1 Samuel 11:8; Genesis 49:8-12.
     [6] Leviticus 24:19-20; Deuteronomy 19:21; Judges 15:10-11.
     [7] Matthew 15:27; Judges 8:19; 1 Samuel 15:33; Jeremiah 51:56; Exodus 18:11; Matthew 7:2; Galatians 6:7; James 2:13; Joshua 15:8; Joshua 18:16.
     [8] Joshua 12:8-10; Joshua 15:63; Judges 19:11-12; Genesis 34:26; Joshua 8:24; Joshua 10:28; Judges 4:15; Judges 20:37; Judges 20:48; 2 Kings 8:12; Psalm 74:7; 2 Samuel 5:7.
     [9] 1 Samuel 26:10; 1 Samuel 29:4; Joshua 9:1; Judges 1:10-11; Joshua 15:21; Joshua 11:16; Joshua 15:33; Deuteronomy 1:7; Joshua 9:1; Obadiah 1:19; 1 Chronicles 27:28.
     [10] Joshua 10:36-37; Numbers 13:22; Genesis 13:18; Genesis 14:24; Joshua 21:11-13; Joshua 11:21; Joshua 14:6-15; Joshua 15:13-14; Nehemiah 11:25; Psalm 48:2; Isaiah 25:2; Joshua 15:13; Joshua 14:15; 2 Samuel 2:3; Numbers 13:22-23.
     [11] Joshua 15:15; Joshua 15:49; Joshua 10:38-39; Joshua 15:7; Joshua 13:26.
     [12] Joshua 15:16; Genesis 36:11; Numbers 13:6; Joshua 15:13; Joshua 14:14; 1 Samuel 17:25; 1 Samuel 18:17; Joshua 14:11.
     [13] Joshua 15:15-17; Judges 3:9; 2 Samuel 13:3; Joshua 14:6; Numbers 32:12; 1 Chronicles 27:15; 1 Chronicles 4:9-10; 1 Chronicles 2:55.
     [14] Joshua 15:18; Genesis 24:64; 1 Samuel 25:25; Judges 4:21.
     [15] Genesis 33:11; Psalm 126:4; 1 Chronicles 4:13.
     [16] Judges 4:11; Exodus 18:27; Numbers 21:1; Numbers 24:21; 1 Samuel 15:6; Genesis 15:19; Numbers 24:22; 1 Chronicles 2:55; Exodus 2:20-21; 1 Chronicles 2:5; Judges 3:13; Deuteronomy 34:3; 2 Chronicles 28:15; Genesis 21:14; Matthew 3:1; Matthew 4:1; Luke 15:4; Jeremiah 35:6-7; Numbers 21:1; Joshua 15:14; 1 Samuel 15:6; Numbers 21:21; 1 Samuel 30:29; 1 Samuel 15:21; Judges 4:11; 1 Samuel 15:6; 1 Chronicles 2:55; Jeremiah 35.
     [17] 2 Chronicles 14:10; Numbers 14:45; Numbers 21:1-3; Joshua 19:4; 1 Chronicles 4:28-32; 1 Samuel 30:29-30.
     [18] Joshua 13:3; Judges 3:8; Joshua 11:22; Judges 3:3; Judges 3:13.
     [19] Genesis 39:23; 1 Samuel 18:14; 2 Kings 18:7; Matthew 18:20; Judges 4:3; Joshua 11:6-9; Joshua 17: 2 Kings 10:15-23; Jeremiah 35:2, 16; 1 Samuel 13:6; Psalm 18:33; 2 Samuel 22:34; Habakkuk 3:19; Isaiah 58:14; Deuteronomy 32:13; Deuteronomy 32:29; Deuteronomy 32:33.
     [20] Joshua 14:12-15; Joshua 15:13-14; Numbers 14:21; Judges 10:9; Judges 15:10; Judges 20:18; Judges 12:8; Judges 15:13.
     [21] Joshua 15:63; Joshua 16:8; Judges 18:28; 2 Samuel 5:7; 2 Samuel 24:18; Ezra 9:1.
     [22] Judges 20:31; Judges 21:19; Genesis 12:8-9; Genesis 13:3-4; Genesis 12:8; Genesis 28:10-17; Judges 20:18-26; Hosea 10:8; Amos 5:21-23; Amos 7:10; 1 Kings 12 - 13; 2 Kings 2:3; Joshua 18:22.
     [24] Joshua 2:6, 12.
     [26] Genesis 23:19.
     [27] Joshua 17:11-13; 1 Samuel 31:8; 2 Samuel 21:12; 1 Kings 4:12; Joshua 17:11; Joshua 11:2; 1 Chronicles 7:29; 1 Chronicles 6:70; Joshua 21:25; 2 Kings 9:27; Judges 1:19; 2 Kings 9:27; 2 Kings 23:29; Zechariah 12:11; 2 Kings 23:29; Revelation 16:16; Joshua 17:12.
     [28] Judges 2:2; Joshua 16:1-6; Joshua 17:13; Deuteronomy 22:16; 1 Samuel 15:3; Acts 17:30; Luke 9:56.
     [29] Joshua 16:10; 1 Kings 9:16.
     [30] Joshua 19:10-16; Genesis 49:14-15.
     [31] Joshua 19:24-31; Acts 21:7; Joshua 11:8; 2 Samuel 5:11; Isaiah 23; Jeremiah 27; Jeremiah 47; Matthew 11:22; Genesis 38:5; Micah 1:14; Joshua 15:44; Joshua 12:18; Joshua 21:31; 1 Chronicles 6:75.
     [32] Judges 1:30; Psalm 106:34-36.
     [33] Joshua 19:32-38; Joshua 15:10; Judges 1:35; Isaiah 19:18; Joshua 19:38.
     [34] Joshua 19:47.
     [35] Judges 1:33; Job 9:7; Joshua 10:12; 1 Samuel 14:31; Joshua 21:24; Judges 15:4; Joshua 15:28; 1 Samuel 9:4; 1 Samuel 5:6; Psalm 32:6; Judges 1:17.
     [36] Genesis 14:7; 2 Chronicles 20:2; Joshua 15:3; Numbers 34:4; 2 Kings 14:7; Isaiah 16:1; Obadiah 1:3; Numbers 20:8-10. -- From Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers ]

          [ CHRONOLOGY: GENERAL. Patriarchs (Traditional). Judges # 1. Judges # 2. Kings # 1. Kings # 2. Prophets # 1. Prophets # 2. NT # 1. NT # 2. NT # 3. ]

          [ MAPS: Maps # 1. Maps # 2. Maps # 3. Maps # 4. Maps # 5. ]

          [ COMMENTARIES, ETC: GENERAL: Bible Study Tools; Bible Hub: Study Light; Blue Letter Bible // PSALMS: Monergism: Precept Austin: The Treasury of David; John Gill; John Calvin - Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

          [ MUSIC: GENERAL: The Cyber Hymnal // PSALMS: Genevan Psalter (Instrumental). VARIOUS ARTISTS: Micha'el Ben David. Sons of Korah. Fernando Ortega. Janet Isaac Morrison. Music of the Bible Revealed - Suzanne Haik-Vantoura. Dr. David Erb. Gregorian Chants. ]




HARMONY OF THE LAW


John Calvin - CCEL | Analytical Chart - BLB




GOSPEL HARMONIES

Gospel Harmony - Summary | The Harmony of the Gospels - Augustine | Gospel Harmony Chart - Online Bible

Greek Harmony of the Gospels - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF) | Gospel Harmony in English - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF)




HEBREW AND GREEK INTERLINEAR BIBLES


Bible Hub Interlinear Hebrew and Greek Bible


Bible Hub Hebrew Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Hebrew Interlinear


Mounce Interlinear | Bible Hub Greek Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Greek Interlinear Bible





Judges Detailed Outline



Judges 1


Note: The Book of Judges teaches Israel's unfaithfulness. (The previous book, The Book of Joshua, teaches the Lord's faithfulness.)

Note: Some of the Judges may overlap each other chronologically and may have served in only part of the country.


1. The Historical Setting (1:1 - 3:6) - (1390 - 1377 B.C. Israel)

A. The Present Setting [in the Time of the Judges - This is the Second Campaign of Judah] (1:1-7)

Map | Time Line

     1 Now after the death of Joshua it came to pass, that the children of Israel asked the LORD, saying, Who shall go up for us against the Canaanites first, to fight against them? 2 And the LORD said, Judah shall go up: behold, I have delivered the land into his hand. 3 And Judah said unto Simeon his brother, Come up with me into my lot, that we may fight against the Canaanites; and I likewise will go with thee into thy lot. So Simeon went with him. 4 And Judah went up; and the LORD delivered the Canaanites and the Perizzites into their hand: and they slew of them in Bezek ten thousand men. 5 And they found Adonibezek in Bezek: and they fought against him, and they slew the Canaanites and the Perizzites. 6 But Adonibezek fled; and they pursued after him, and caught him, and cut off his thumbs and his great toes. 7 And Adonibezek said, Threescore and ten kings, having their thumbs [thumbs of their hands] and their great toes cut off, gathered their meat under my table: as I have done, so God hath requited me. And they bought him to Jerusalem, and there he died.

B. The Past Setting [in Joshua's Time - First Campaigns of 6 Tribes] (1:8 - 3:6)

1. The Tribal Campaigns (1:8-36)

     8 Now the children of Judah had fought against Jerusalem, and had taken it, and smitten it with the edge of the sword, and set the city on fire. 9 And afterward the children of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites, that dwelt in the mountain, and in the south, and in the valley. 10 And Judah went against the Canaanites that dwelt in Hebron: (now the name of Hebron before was Kirjatharba:) and they slew Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai.
     11 And from thence he went against the inhabitants of Debir: and the name of Debir before was Kirjathsepher: 12 And Caleb said, He that smiteth Kirjathsepher, and taketh it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife. 13 And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it: and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife. 14 And it came to pass, when she came to him, that she moved him to ask of her father a field: and she lighted from off her ass; and Caleb said unto her, What wilt thou? 15 And she said unto him, Give me a blessing: for thou hast given me a south land; give me also springs of water. And Caleb gave her the upper springs and the nether springs.
     16 And the children of the Kenite, Moses' father in law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which lieth in the south of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people. 17 And Judah went with Simeon his brother, and they slew the Canaanites that inhabited Zephath, and utterly destroyed it. And the name of the city was called Hormah. 18 Also Judah took Gaza with the coast thereof, and Askelon with the coast thereof, and Ekron with the coast thereof. 19 And the LORD was with Judah; and he drave out the inhabitants of the mountain; but could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley, because they had chariots of iron. 20 And they gave Hebron unto Caleb, as Moses said: and he expelled thence the three sons of Anak. 21 And the children of Benjamin did not drive out the Jebusites that inhabited Jerusalem; but the Jebusites dwell with the children of Benjamin in Jerusalem unto this day.
     22 And the house of Joseph, they also went up against Bethel: and the LORD was with them. 23 And the house of Joseph sent to descry Bethel. (Now the name of the city before was Luz.) 24 And the spies saw a man come forth out of the city, and they said unto him, Shew us, we pray thee, the entrance into the city, and we will shew thee mercy. 25 And when he shewed them the entrance into the city, they smote the city with the edge of the sword; but they let go the man and all his family. 26 And the man went into the land of the Hittites, and built a city, and called the name thereof Luz: which is the name thereof unto this day.
     27 Neither did Manasseh drive out the inhabitants of Bethshean and her towns, nor Taanach and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Dor and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Ibleam and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Megiddo and her towns: but the Canaanites would dwell in that land. 28 And it came to pass, when Israel was strong, that they put the Canaanites to tribute, and did not utterly drive them out [to evict he evicted him not].
     29 Neither did Ephraim drive out the Canaanites that dwelt in Gezer; but the Canaanites dwelt in Gezer among them.
     30 Neither did Zebulun drive out the inhabitants of Kitron, nor the inhabitants of Nahalol; but the Canaanites dwelt among them, and became tributaries.
     31 Neither did Asher drive out the inhabitants of Accho, nor the inhabitants of Zidon, nor of Ahlab, nor of Achzib, nor of Helbah, nor of Aphik, nor of Rehob: 32 But the Asherites dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: for they did not drive them out.
     33 Neither did Naphtali drive out the inhabitants of Bethshemesh, nor the inhabitants of Bethanath; but he dwelt among the Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land: nevertheless the inhabitants of Bethshemesh and of Bethanath became tributaries unto them.
     34 And the Amorites forced the children of Dan into the mountain: for they would not suffer them to come down to the valley: 35 But the Amorites would dwell in mount Heres in Aijalon, and in Shaalbim: yet the hand of the house of Joseph prevailed, so that they became tributaries. 36 And the coast of the Amorites was from the going up to Akrabbim, from the rock, and upward.




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