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2018 October 23
Proverbs 21



View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm-The Oxbow (1836)
Thomas Cole (1801-1848)
Romanticism Style; Hudson River School
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York, USA
Image Source: Wikimedia

     [ Illustration: I have posted today's painting in reference to verse one which speaks of the LORD's ability to move the king's heart in any direction he wishes, just as a river moves its waters in various directions. The oxbow depicted is one of the more striking examples of such changes of direction. The formation moves the river in almost a complete circle, making it first run perpendicular to its main course, then parallel to it, but in the opposite direction. Cole's painting has other references of Biblical significance, as are detailed in the link in the painting title, above. ]



SPECIAL NOTE:

[ I will again be working through the Scriptures from Genesis to Revelation. I will be adding links, resources, images, and the like, upgrading the former work-through which began with the 2013-10-12 posting which can be found, along with the full Genesis to Revelation postings, in the Archive Page. Postings will be at midnight Eastern Time, as I am able. However, no chapters will be skipped, even though a posting may be late. And all postings will be housed in the Archive Page. ]



     Explanation: Proverbs 21 contains comparisons and contrasts between the righteous and the wicked.
          The subjects of chapter 21 are these:
               The LORD controls the king's heart (1).
               Everyone thinks his way is right; but the LORD ponders the heart (2).
               Justice and judgment are more acceptable to the LORD than sacrifice (3).
               Everything the wicked do is sinful. Verse four can be translated in two different ways; but either way, that is the essential meaning of the verse. Some translate it in the manner of the King James version: "An high look, and a proud heart, and the plowing of the wicked is sin." Others translate it in the manner of the English Standard Version: "Haughty eyes and a proud heart, the lamp of the wicked, are sin." Either way, the verse contrasts two evil things (haughtiness and pride) with one thing which would normally be considered morally neutral, or perhaps even good (plowing or a lamp). The point of both translations is that nothing in the life of a wicked person escapes the moral taint with which he is tainted -- compare verse twenty-seven (4).
               Those who are diligent have abundance; but those who are hasty [for gain] have only poverty (5).
               Treasure gained by lying is fleeting like a vapor and is a snare of death (6).
               The violence of the wicked will sweep them away, because they refuse to do what is just (7).
               The guilty have crooked ways, but the conduct of the pure is upright (8).
               It is better to live in a corner of the housetop than with a brawling woman in a wide [or shared] house -- compare verse nineteen (9).
               The soul of the wicked desires evil; he is not favorable to his neighbor (10).
               When the scorner is punished the simple become wise; and when the wise are instructed, they receive knowledge (11).
               The righteous considers the house of the wicked, how the wicked are overthrown in their wickedness (12).
               Anyone who stops his ear at the cry of the poor will not be heard when he cries for help (13).
               A gift given in secret, in the bosom, pacifies anger, even strong wrath (14).
               It is joy to the just to do judgment; but judgment destroys the workers of iniquity (15).
               The man who wanders out of the way of understanding shall remain in the congregation of the dead (16). He who loves pleasure, such as wine and oil, will be poor (17).
               The wicked shall be a ransom for the righteous, and transgressors for the upright (18).
               It is better to dwell in the wilderness than with a contentious and angry woman -- compare verse nine (19).
               Treasure and oil are in the house of the wise but the foolish spends it up (20).
               The one who follows righteousness and mercy finds life, righteousness, and honor (21).
                A wise man scales the city of the mighty and casts down it's strength and confidence (22).
               The one who keeps his mouth and his tongue keeps his soul from troubles (23).
               One who deals in proud wrath is a proud and haughty scorner (24).
               The desire of the slothful kills him, because his hands refuse to labor (25).
               The sluggard covets greedily all day long; but the righteous gives unsparingly (26).
               The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination, and much more when he brings it with a wicked mind -- compare verse four (27).
               A false witness shall perish; but the man who hears [i.e., a true witness] will endure (28).
               A wicked man hardens his face; but the upright gives thought to his way (29).
               No wisdom, understanding, or counsel can avail against the LORD (30).
               The horse is made ready for the day of battle; but the victory belongs to the LORD (31).


     [ Sermons: Andrew J Webb. Various. ]




Bible Chronologies -- Genesis to Revelation

[Traditional Patriarchal Chronology. Judges Period Chronology 1. Judges Period Chronology 2. Kings of Judah and Israel #1. Kings of Judah and Israel #2].

[Post Exile Chronology 1. Post Exile Chronology 2. Post Exile Chronology 3.]

[Prophets Chronology 1. Prophets Chronology 2. Prophets Chronology 3. Prophets Chronology 4.]

[Intertestamental Period Chronology 1. Intertestamental Period Chronology 2. Intertestamental Period Chronology 3.
Intertestamental Period Chronology 4. Intertestamental Period Chronology 5.]

[New Testament Chronology 1. New Testament Chronology 2. New Testament Chronology 3. New Testament Chronology 4. New Testament Chronology 5.]




RESOURCES

PLEASE NOTE: Use the resources on this and other sites thoughtfully, particularly the commentaries and encyclopedias. I have attempted to list conservative, scholarly resources. However, some providers use liberal or liberal-influenced commentaries such as the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (in Bible Hub). Such commentaries are undoubtedly included by the provider for the wealth of useful information and comments which they provide. By consulting several commentaries, it should be fairly easy to sort out the wheat from the chaff. If, however, you would like personal assistance, write to me at AD LIB ARTS EMAIL.


          [ THEMATICALLY AND CHRONOLOGICALLY RELATED SCRIPTURES: Proverbs 21: Proverbs 10. Proverbs 11. Proverbs 12. Proverbs 13. Proverbs 14. Proverbs 15. Proverbs 16. Proverbs 17. Proverbs 18. Proverbs 19. Proverbs 20. Proverbs 21. Proverbs 22. Proverbs 23. Proverbs 24. ]
[1] Daniel 4:34-37.
[2] Proverbs 16:2, 25.
[3] Proverbs 15:8.
[4] Proverbs 8:13.
[5] Proverbs 10:4; Proverbs 13:4.
[6] Proverbs 10:2.
[7] Psalm 9:16.
[8] Titus 3:3.
[9] Proverbs 25:24; Proverbs 27:15-16.
[10] Proverbs 3:29.
[11] Proverbs 19:25.
[12] Psalm 106:24-27.
[13] Deuteronomy 15:7-11; Proverbs 28:27.
[14] Exodus 23:8; Deuteronomy 10:17; Deuteronomy 16:19; Deuteronomy 27:25.
[15] Proverbs 10:29.
[16] Proverbs 13:20.
[17] Proverbs 23:21.
[18] Proverbs 11:8.
[19] Proverbs 19:13; Proverbs 25:24.
[20] Proverbs 15:6; Luke 6:45.
[21] Proverbs 15:9.
[22] Ecclesiastes 7:19.
[23] Proverbs 10:19.
[24] Proverbs 16:18.
[25] Proverbs 6:6-11.
[26] Psalm 37:26.
[27] Proverbs 15:8; Proverbs 28:9.
[28] Proverbs 19:5, 9.
[29] Proverbs 28:14.
[30] Proverbs 19:21.
[31] Psalm 20:7.
     -- From Treasury of Scripture Knowledge & Others ]


          [ CHRONOLOGY: GENERAL. Patriarchs (Traditional). Judges # 1. Judges # 2. Kings # 1. Kings # 2. Prophets # 1. Prophets # 2. NT # 1. NT # 2. NT # 3. ]

          [ MAPS: Maps # 1. Maps # 2. Maps # 3. Maps # 4. Maps # 5. ]

          [ COMMENTARIES, ETC: GENERAL: Bible Study Tools; Bible Hub: Study Light; Blue Letter Bible // PSALMS: Monergism: Precept Austin: The Treasury of David; John Gill; John Calvin - Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

          [ MUSIC: GENERAL: The Cyber Hymnal // PSALMS: Genevan Psalter (Instrumental). PROVERBS: Proverbs 21. Book of Proverbs. VARIOUS ARTISTS: Micha'el Ben David. Sons of Korah. Fernando Ortega. Janet Isaac Morrison. Music of the Bible Revealed - Suzanne Haik-Vantoura. Dr. David Erb. Gregorian Chants. ]



HARMONY OF THE LAW


John Calvin - CCEL | Analytical Chart - BLB




GOSPEL HARMONIES

Gospel Harmony - Summary | The Harmony of the Gospels - Augustine | Gospel Harmony Chart - Online Bible

Greek Harmony of the Gospels - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF) | Gospel Harmony in English - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF)



HEBREW AND GREEK INTERLINEAR BIBLES


Hebrew and Greek Interlinear Download - Scripture 4 All

Bible Hub Interlinear Hebrew and Greek Bible


Bible Hub Hebrew Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Hebrew Interlinear


Mounce Interlinear | Bible Hub Greek Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Greek Interlinear Bible





Proverbs Detailed Outline

The Proverbs are grouped into two Collections, each having 2 Sections, with various Sub-Sections. (See the Detailed Outline above and below).

1. Collection 1 - Proverbs of Solomon & the Wise (Solomon's Collection)
     (1:1 - 24:34) - 968 - 946 B.C., Israel
     A. Section 1 - Proverbs of Solomon (1:1 - 22:16)
          1). Sub-Section 1 - "The Proverbs of Solomon, Son of David" (1:1 - 9:18)
               a). Purpose: To teach the fear of the LORD, the beginning of wisdom (1:1-7, esp. 7)
               b). Precepts: The seductions of folly verses the attractions of wisdom (1:8 - 9:18)
                    (1). Part 1: (1:8 - 4:27)
                         (a). Folly: Wicked Companions Bring Death (1:8-19)
                         (b). Wisdom: Wisdom Brings Life and reward (1:20 - 4:27)
                    (2). Part 2: (5:1 - 6:19)
                         (a). Folly: Adulterous Women Bring Suffering and Death (5:1-15)
                         (b). Wisdom: Safety from Marital Love + Diligence in Wisdom (5:16 - 6:19)
                    (3). Part 3: (6:20 - 9:18)
                         (a). Folly: Adulterous Women Bring Deceit & Death (6:20 - 7:27)
                         (b). Wisdom: It Brings Favor from the LORD, Kings, & Rulers (8:1 - 9:18)
          2). Sub-Section 2 - "The Proverbs of Solomon" (10:1 - 22:16)
                    Note: This section builds on the previous section by offering a series of contrasts between the wise and the foolish and between wisdom and folly in general.
                    Having offered a strong persuasion in the previous section to follow wisdom, the author now shows what wisdom is in daily life.
                    In the latter sections the proverbs are generally arranged individually, and groupings are less frequent and mainly shorter.


Proverbs 21


Map 1: Bible Nations | Map 2: Empire of David and Solomon Map 3: Kingdoms of Judah and Israel | Post Exile Chronology.


1 The king's heart is in the hand of the LORD, as the rivers of water:
he turneth it whithersoever [upon all which] he will.

2 Every way of a man is right in his own eyes:
but the LORD pondereth the hearts.

3 To do justice and judgment
is more acceptable to the LORD than sacrifice.

4 An high look,
and a proud heart,
and the plowing of the wicked,
is sin.

5 The thoughts of the diligent tend only to plenteousness;
but of every one that is hasty only to want.

6 The getting of treasures by a lying tongue is a vanity
tossed to and fro of them that seek death.

7 The robbery of the wicked shall destroy them;
because they refuse to do judgment.

8 The way of man is froward and strange:
but as for the pure, his work is right.

9 It is better to dwell in a corner of the housetop,
than with a brawling woman in a wide house.

10 The soul of the wicked desireth evil:
his neighbour findeth no favour in his eyes.

11 When the scorner is punished, the simple is made wise:
and when the wise is instructed, he receiveth knowledge.

12 The righteous man wisely considereth the house of the wicked:
but God overthroweth the wicked for their wickedness.

13 Whoso stoppeth his ears at the cry of the poor,
he also shall cry himself,
but shall not be heard.

14 A gift in secret pacifieth anger:
and a reward in the bosom strong wrath.

15 It is joy to the just to do judgment:
but destruction shall be to the workers of iniquity.

16 The man that wandereth out of the way of understanding
shall remain in the congregation of the dead.

17 He that loveth pleasure shall be a poor man:
he that loveth wine and oil shall not be rich.

18 The wicked shall be a ransom for the righteous,
and the transgressor for the upright.

19 It is better to dwell in the wilderness [a land of pasture],
than with a contentious and an angry woman.

20 There is treasure to be desired and oil in the dwelling of the wise;
but a foolish man spendeth it up.

21 He that followeth after righteousness and mercy
findeth life, righteousness, and honour.

22 A wise man scaleth the city of the mighty,
and casteth down the strength of the confidence thereof.

23 Whoso keepeth his mouth and his tongue
keepeth his soul from troubles.

24 Proud and haughty scorner is his name,
who dealeth in proud wrath.

25 The desire of the slothful killeth him;
for his hands refuse to labour.

26 He coveteth greedily all the day long:
but the righteous giveth and spareth not.

27 The sacrifice of the wicked is abomination:
how much more, when he bringeth it with a wicked mind?

28 A false witness perish:
but the man that heareth speaketh constantly.

29 A wicked man hardeneth his face:
but as for the upright, he directeth his way.

30 There is no wisdom
nor understanding
nor counsel
against the LORD.

31 The horse is prepared against the day of battle:
but safety is of the LORD.






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