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2018 October 29
Proverbs 27



St Peter Anointing St Stephen and St Sixtus Anointing St Lawrence: West Wall of the Cappella Niccolina (1447-1449)
Fra Angelico (c. 1395 - 1455)
Italian Renaissance Style
Cappella Niccolina, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican, Vatican City, Rome, Italy
Image Source: Web Gallery of Art

     [ Illustration: Verse 9 compares friendship to the rich aroma of anointing oil. Symbolizing this, today's painting depicts two anointings (plus a distribution to the poor). The painting's title link (above) gives details. ]



SPECIAL NOTE:

[ I will again be working through the Scriptures from Genesis to Revelation. I will be adding links, resources, images, and the like, upgrading the former work-through which began with the 2013-10-12 posting which can be found, along with the full Genesis to Revelation postings, in the Archive Page. Postings will be at midnight Eastern Time, as I am able. However, no chapters will be skipped, even though a posting may be late. And all postings will be housed in the Archive Page. ]



     Explanation: Proverbs 27 contains comparisons and contrasts between the righteous and the wicked. Many of these are concerned with interpersonal relationships, particularly friendship.
          The subjects of chapter 27 are these:
               You should not boast about tomorrow, because you do not know what a day may bring forth (1).
               Let another man, even a stranger, praise you; but do not praise yourself (2).
               A stone is heavy, and the sand is weighty, but a fool's wrath is heavier than them both (3).
               Wrath is cruel; anger is outrageous; but who can stand before envy? (4).
               Open rebuke is better than secret love, and the wounds of a friend are faithful; but the kisses of an enemy are deceitful (6).
               The full soul loathes the honeycomb; but to the hungry soul every bitter thing is sweet (7).
               As a bird that wanders form its nest, so is a man who wanders from his place (8).
               Ointment and perfume rejoice the heart; likewise, the sweetness of a man's friend by hearty counsel (9).
               In the day of calamity do not forsake your friend or your father's friend; and do not go to your brother, for better is a neighbor who is near than a brother who is far off (10).
               Be wise, and you will make glad the heart of your father, and he will have an answer for the one who reproaches him (11).
               A prudent man foresees the evil and hides himself, but the simple pass on and are punished (12).
               Take the garment of a man who has put up security for a stranger, and hold it as a pledge when he puts up security for an adulteress (13).
               Whoever blesses his neighbor with a loud voice, early in the morning, will be like one who makes a curse (14).
               A continual dripping on a very rainy day and a contentious woman are alike. To try to restrain her is to try to restrain the wind or to restrain the self-disclosing odor of the anointing oil with your right hand (15-16).
               Iron sharpens iron; so a man sharpens the countenance of his friend (17).
               The one who keeps a fig tree shall eat of its fruit; likewise the one who waits on his master shall be honored (18).
               As in water, face answers to face, so the heart of man answers to man (19).
               Hell and destruction are never full; and the eyes of man are never satisfied (20).
               As a crucible for silver and a furnace for gold, so is a man to his praise -- that is, he tests his own praiseworthiness -- burning away his dross, disclosing his worth. But it is not so with a fool: though you should pound a fool in a mortar among the wheat with a pestle, yet his foolishness will not depart from him (21-22).
               Be diligent to know the state of your flocks and herds, because riches are not forever, nor does the crown (the hereditary kingship) endure to every generation. If you tend to these things, then, when the greenness appears and new grass shows itself, and the harvest of the mountains is gathered, then the lambs will provide your clothing, and the goats will provide the price for your field. There will be enough goat's milk for your food, for the food of your household, and for the maintenance of your young women (23-27).


     [ Sermons: Stuart Olyott. Various. ]




Bible Chronologies -- Genesis to Revelation

[Traditional Patriarchal Chronology. Judges Period Chronology 1. Judges Period Chronology 2. Kings of Judah and Israel #1. Kings of Judah and Israel #2].

[Post Exile Chronology 1. Post Exile Chronology 2. Post Exile Chronology 3.]

[Prophets Chronology 1. Prophets Chronology 2. Prophets Chronology 3. Prophets Chronology 4.]

[Intertestamental Period Chronology 1. Intertestamental Period Chronology 2. Intertestamental Period Chronology 3.
Intertestamental Period Chronology 4. Intertestamental Period Chronology 5.]

[New Testament Chronology 1. New Testament Chronology 2. New Testament Chronology 3. New Testament Chronology 4. New Testament Chronology 5.]




RESOURCES

PLEASE NOTE: Use the resources on this and other sites thoughtfully, particularly the commentaries and encyclopedias. I have attempted to list conservative, scholarly resources. However, some providers use liberal or liberal-influenced commentaries such as the Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (in Bible Hub). Such commentaries are undoubtedly included by the provider for the wealth of useful information and comments which they provide. By consulting several commentaries, it should be fairly easy to sort out the wheat from the chaff. If, however, you would like personal assistance, write to me at AD LIB ARTS EMAIL.


          [ THEMATICALLY AND CHRONOLOGICALLY RELATED SCRIPTURES: Proverbs 27: 2 Kings 18-20. 2 Chronicles 29-32. Isaiah 36-39. Proverbs 25. Proverbs 26. Proverbs 27. Proverbs 28. Proverbs 29. ]
[1] James 4:13-16.
[2] Proverbs 25:14.
[3] Proverbs 17:12.
[4] James 1:19-21.
[5] Proverbs 28:23.
[6] Psalm 141:5.
[7] Luke 15:16-17.
[8] Proverbs 21:16.
[9] Proverbs 20:5.
[10] Proverbs 19:7.
[11] Proverbs 10:1.
[12] Proverbs 22:3.
[13] Proverbs 20:16.
[14] Proverbs 25:20.
[15-16] Proverbs 19:13; Proverbs 21:9, 19.
[17] Hebrews 10:24.
[18] Matthew 25:21-22.
[19] Proverbs 23:7.
[20] Ecclesiastes 6:7.
[21-22] Proverbs 17:3; Proverbs 1:7.
[23-27] Proverbs 24:27; Proverbs 23:5; Psalm 1:3; Galatians 6:9.
     -- From Treasury of Scripture Knowledge & Others ]


          [ CHRONOLOGY: GENERAL. Patriarchs (Traditional). Judges # 1. Judges # 2. Kings # 1. Kings # 2. Prophets # 1. Prophets # 2. NT # 1. NT # 2. NT # 3. ]

          [ MAPS: Maps # 1. Maps # 2. Maps # 3. Maps # 4. Maps # 5. ]

          [ COMMENTARIES, ETC: GENERAL: Bible Study Tools; Bible Hub: Study Light; Blue Letter Bible // PSALMS: Monergism: Precept Austin: The Treasury of David; John Gill; John Calvin - Volumes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

          [ MUSIC: GENERAL: The Cyber Hymnal // PSALMS: Genevan Psalter (Instrumental). PROVERBS: Proverbs 27. Book of Proverbs. VARIOUS ARTISTS: Micha'el Ben David. Sons of Korah. Fernando Ortega. Janet Isaac Morrison. Music of the Bible Revealed - Suzanne Haik-Vantoura. Dr. David Erb. Gregorian Chants. ]



HARMONY OF THE LAW


John Calvin - CCEL | Analytical Chart - BLB




GOSPEL HARMONIES

Gospel Harmony - Summary | The Harmony of the Gospels - Augustine | Gospel Harmony Chart - Online Bible

Greek Harmony of the Gospels - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF) | Gospel Harmony in English - Robertson - (Downloadable PDF)



HEBREW AND GREEK INTERLINEAR BIBLES


Hebrew and Greek Interlinear Download - Scripture 4 All

Bible Hub Interlinear Hebrew and Greek Bible


Bible Hub Hebrew Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Hebrew Interlinear


Mounce Interlinear | Bible Hub Greek Interlinear | Scripture 4 All Greek Interlinear Bible





Proverbs Detailed Outline

The Proverbs are grouped into two Collections, each having 2 Sections, with various Sub-Sections. (See the Detailed Outline above and below).

1. Collection 1 - Proverbs of Solomon & the Wise (Solomon's Collection)
     (1:1 - 24:34) - 968 - 946 B.C., Israel
     A. Section 1 - Proverbs of Solomon (1:1 - 22:16)
          1). Sub-Section 1 - "The Proverbs of Solomon, Son of David" (1:1 - 9:18)
               a). Purpose: To teach the fear of the LORD, the beginning of wisdom (1:1-7, esp. 7)
               b). Precepts: The seductions of folly verses the attractions of wisdom (1:8 - 9:18)
                    (1). Part 1: (1:8 - 4:27)
                         (a). Folly: Wicked Companions Bring Death (1:8-19)
                         (b). Wisdom: Wisdom Brings Life and reward (1:20 - 4:27)
                    (2). Part 2: (5:1 - 6:19)
                         (a). Folly: Adulterous Women Bring Suffering and Death (5:1-15)
                         (b). Wisdom: Safety from Marital Love + Diligence in Wisdom (5:16 - 6:19)
                    (3). Part 3: (6:20 - 9:18)
                         (a). Folly: Adulterous Women Bring Deceit & Death (6:20 - 7:27)
                         (b). Wisdom: It Brings Favor from the LORD, Kings, & Rulers (8:1 - 9:18)
          2). Sub-Section 2 - "The Proverbs of Solomon" (10:1 - 22:16)
                    Note: This section builds on the previous section by offering a series of contrasts between the wise and the foolish and between wisdom and folly in general.
                    Having offered a strong persuasion in the previous section to follow wisdom, the author now shows what wisdom is in daily life.
                    In the latter sections the proverbs are generally arranged individually, and groupings are less frequent and mainly shorter.
     B. Section 2 - Sayings of the Wise: ["Pay attention and listen to the sayings of the wise"] - (22:17 - 24:34)
              Note: If Ecclesiastes 12:9 refers to Solomon, this collection may be one of those which he "searched out and arranged." (See also 1 Kings 4:32).
                       The same is true for the last group of proverbs (30:1 - 33:31).
          1). Sub-Section 1 - "The Sayings of the Wise" (22:17 - 24:22)
          2). Sub-Section 2 - "These Also are the Sayings of the Wise" (24:23 - 24:34)
2. Collection 2 - Proverbs of Solomon & the Wise (Hezekiah's Collection)
     (25:1 - 31:31) - 968 - 946 B.C., Israel
     A. Section 1 - Proverbs of Solomon (25:1 - 29:27)
          "These are also proverbs which the men of Hezekiah King of Judah copied out."
               Note: This shows that the Book of Proverbs reached its final form in Hezekiah's time (715-686 B.C.) - about 230 years or more after the death of Solomon (971-931 B.C.).
                         The copyists may have been Isaiah, Micah, Hosea, Eliakim, Joah, Shebna or other inspired men.
                         The proverbs may have been collected from the 3,000 Proverbs mentioned in 1 Kings 4:32 and / or official records.
                         The new collection may have been compiled about 713 B.C., around the time when Hezekiah invited Israelites from the other tribes
                            to partake of the Passover and to be instructed in the law (2 Chronicles 30).


Proverbs 27


Map 1: Bible Nations | Map 2: Empire of David and Solomon Map 3: Kingdoms of Judah and Israel | Post Exile Chronology.


1 Boast not thyself of to morrow [in a day of tomorrow];
for thou knowest not what a day may bring forth.

2 Let another man praise thee,
and not thine own mouth;
a stranger,
and not thine own lips.

3 A stone is heavy,
and the sand weighty;
but a fool's wrath is heavier than them both.

4 Wrath is cruel,
and anger is outrageous;
but who is able to stand before envy?

5 Open rebuke
is better than secret love.
6 Faithful are the wounds of a friend;
but the kisses of an enemy are deceitful.

7 The full soul loatheth an honeycomb;
but to the hungry soul every bitter thing is sweet.

8 As a bird that wandereth from her nest,
so is a man that wandereth from his place.

9 Ointment and perfume rejoice the heart:
so doth the sweetness of a man's friend by hearty counsel.

10 Thine own friend,
and thy father's friend,
forsake not;
neither go into thy brother's house in the day of thy calamity:
for better is a neighbour that is near
than a brother far off.

11 My son,
be wise,
and make my heart glad,
that I may answer him that reproacheth me.

12 A prudent man foreseeth the evil,
and hideth himself;
but the simple pass on,
and are punished.

13 Take his garment that is surety for a stranger,
and take a pledge of him for a strange woman.

14 He that blesseth his friend with a loud voice,
rising early in the morning,
it shall be counted a curse to him.

15 A continual dropping in a very rainy [shut in] day
and a contentious woman
are alike.
16 Whosoever hideth her hideth the wind,
and the ointment of his right hand,
which bewrayeth itself.

17 Iron sharpeneth iron;
so a man sharpeneth the countenance of his friend.

18 Whoso keepeth the fig tree shall eat the fruit thereof:
so he that waiteth on his master shall be honoured.

19 As in water face answereth to face,
so the heart of man to man.

20 Hell and destruction are never full;
so the eyes of man are never satisfied.

21 As the fining pot for silver,
and the furnace for gold;
so is a man to his praise.
22 Though thou shouldest bray a fool
in a mortar
among wheat
with a pestle,
yet will not his foolishness depart from him [from upon him].

23 Be thou diligent to know [knowing you shall know] the state of thy flocks,
and look well to thy herds.
24 For riches are not for ever:
and doth the crown endure to every generation [generation and generation]?
25 The hay appeareth,
and the tender grass sheweth itself,
and herbs of the mountains are gathered.
26 The lambs are for thy clothing,
and the goats are the price of the field.
27 And thou shalt have goats' milk enough for thy food,
for the food of thy household,
and for the maintenance for thy maidens.






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